OTOFLOX

COMPOSITION
1 ml of the preparation contains the active ingredients:
• Ivermectin – 1 mg;
• Clotrimazole – 10 mg;
• Florphenicol – 2.5 mg;
• Betamethasone (as dipropionate) – 1 mg.
• Additional ingredients: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Ethanol, Polyethylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
• Otoflox is an antiparasitic, fungicidal, antimicrobial product; it has anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties. Its pharmacological action is due to the properties of Ivermectin, Clotrimazole, Florfenicol and Betamethasone.
• Ivermectin belongs to the group of Avermectins, which are produced by microorganisms of the Streptomyces avermitilis group. In nematodes, mites, insects and larvae of gadflies Ivermectin strengthens the bond of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) with special receptors on the nerve endings of the parasite by blocking the parasite innervation, causing paralysis and death.
• Ivermectin leads to the death of the following types of ectoparasites:
• Otodectes, Haematopinus, Sarcoptes, Demodex, Gastrophilus, Hypoderma, Linognathus, Damalina, Solenopotes, Hаematobia, Psoroptes, Oestrus, Melophagus etc.
• Clotrimazole belongs to Imidazole derivatives. Clotrimazole effect is due to a violation of the synthesis of ergosterol, a component of the fungi cell membrane. As a result, the structure and properties of membranes change, and cell lysis is observed. Dermatophytes, yeasts (the genus Candida, Torulopsis glabrata, Rhodotorula), fungi, pathogens of Pityriasis versicolor and erythrasma are sensitive to Clotrimazole. Furthermore, Clotrimazole acts as antimicrobial against gram-positive (Staphylococci, Streptococci) and gram-negative bacteria (Bacteroides, Gardnerella vaginalis), as well as Trichomonas vaginalis, Malassezia furfur, Corynebacterium minussimum.
• Florfenicol is a thiamphenicol derivative in which the hydroxyl group is substituted with an atom of fluorine, which causes its antimicrobial activity against bacteria which synthesize Acetyl Transferase.
• Florfenicol inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria cells. In the cytoplasm it binds to the 70S-ribosomal subunit, inhibits peptidyl transferase enzyme activity, thereby reducing the protein synthesis in the ribosomes of corresponding bacteria.
• Florfenicol has a bacteriostatic effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, namely: Fusobacterium necrophorum, Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Pasteurеlla spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Haemophilus spp., as well as Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., Chlamydia spp.
• Betamethasone belongs to the group of synthetic corticosteroids, and has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, anti-allergic, and antiproliferative effects.

TARGET ANIMALS
Cats, Dogs.

INDICATIONS
OTOFLOX is indicated for the treatment of small non-producing animals (Dogs, Cats and Decorative Rabbits) with Otitis of different etiologies, including those caused by ectoparasites and/or complicated by bacterial or fungal infections.

ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGES
Ear medications are applied after the cleaning of animal’s ears and ear canals. The aim of cleaning is to remove earwax, exudates and scabs. Then the product is instilled twice daily in each ear, at a dosage as shown in Table 1, for 5-10 consecutive days depending on the clinical manifestations.

Dosage Table